Yoni Test

Technical Manual

Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Created: January 07, 2014

Last Modified: January 01, 2023 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script runs the Yoni-Test to assess cognitive and affective ToM (Theory of Mind) based on:

Shamay-Tsoory, S.G. & Aharon-Peretz, J. (2007). Dissociable prefrontal networks for cognitive and affective theory of mind: A lesion study. Neuropsychologia, 45, 3054–3067.

Original Yoni-test with slides and instructions can be found at: https://sans.haifa.ac.il/Downloads.html

Duration

10 minutes

Description

Participants view slides with a Yoni face in the middle and 4 objects (and occasionally faces) in each of the 4 screen quadrants. Participants are encouraged to click the object that makes the most sense in relation to provided statements such "Yoni thinks of ___________" as well as Yoni gazes (or the gazes of faces next to the 4 objects).

Procedure

3 judgment conditions:

1) Cognitive Judgments:
A) first order: Yoni is thinking of___________________; directed Yoni gaze towards target
B1) second order: Yoni is thinking of the fruit that ____________ wants; directed Yoni gaze towards target
B2) second order: Yoni is thinking of the fruit that ____________ wants; non-directed gaze (Yoni looks straight ahead)

2) Affective Judgments: (all possible combination of love/does not love)
A) first order: Yoni loves___________________; directed Yoni gaze towards target
B1) second order: Yoni loves the fruit that ____________ loves ; directed Yoni gaze towards target
B2) second order: Yoni loves the fruit that ____________ loves; non-directed gaze (Yoni looks straight ahead)

3) control condition: Physical Judgments: !gaze information not relevant for this condition
A1) first order: Yoni is next to__________; directed gaze but misleading
A2) first order: Yoni is next to__________; non-directed gaze (Yoni looks straight ahead)
B1) second order: Yoni is next to the fruit that ___________ is next to; directed gaze but misleading
B2) second order: Yoni is next to the fruit that ___________ is next to; non-directed gaze (Yoni looks straight ahead)

Script runs 3 phases:
Phase A: runs first order trials of condition "cognitive", "affective", and "physical"
in a mixed design (8 trials each).

Phase B: runs a mixture of first order "cognitive" and "affective" (4 trials each) trials and
second order affective trials (24) in a mixed design. Object categories differ from Phase A/C.

Phase C: runs second order trials of condition "cognitive" (24 trials), "affective" (12 trials), and "physical"
(6 trials) in a mixed design.

!!! The phases are coded independently of each other in this script.
This allows for increased flexibility in selecting the phases of interest.
By default, this script runs phaseA-phaseC in order. Changes can be made under
section EDITABLE PARAMETERS.

!!! By default, the order of the slides is predetermined (run in the same order as the original Yoni test)
and the same for each participant.
In this script, the order of the slides in each phase can be randomized under EDITABLE LISTS.

Instructions

original Yoni-test with slides and instructions can be found at:
https://sans.haifa.ac.il/Downloads.html
see section Editable Stimuli

Summary Data

File Name: yonitest_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
startDate Date the session was run
startTime Time the session was run
subjectId Participant ID
groupId Group number
sessionId Session number
elapsedTime Session duration in ms
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
propCorrect Overall proportion correct
meanRT Overall mean correct latency (in ms)
sdRT Overall standard deviation of correct latencies
propCorrectC Proportion correct in condition 'cognitive' (across orders and phases)
meanRTC Mean correct latency (in ms) in condition 'cognitive' (across orders and phases)
sdRTC Standard deviation of correct latencies in condition 'cognitive' (across orders and phases)
propCorrectA Proportion correct in condition 'affective' (across orders and phases)
meanRTA Mean correct latency (in ms) in condition 'affective' (across orders and phases)
sdRTA Standard deviation of correct latencies in condition 'affective' (across orders and phases)
propCorrectP Proportion correct in condition 'physical' (across orders and phases)
meanRTP Mean correct latency (in ms) in condition 'physical' (across orders and phases)
sdRTP Standard deviation of correct latencies in condition 'physical' (across orders and phases)
_+ separate variables for first (1) and second order (2) C/A/P conditions across phases
+ separate variables for first (1) and second order (2) C/A/P conditions by phase

Raw Data

File Name: yonitest_raw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject Participant ID
group Group number
session Session number
blockCode Name of the current block
blockNum Number of the current block
trialCode Name of the current trial
trialNum Number of the current trial
index Contains the itemnumber of the current slide
condition Contains the condition tied to the current slide
(e.g. cognitive, affective, physical)
faceExpression Contains the facial expression of Yoni tied to the current slide
(e.g. happy, neutral, sad)
eyes Contains Yoni's eye gaze in relation to the correct answer for the current slide
(e.g. 'misleading', 'leading', 'non')
order 1 = first order; 2 = second order
see under EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP the explanation for first/second order statements
verbs Contains the verbs used for the current slide
correctAnswer Contains the correct answers tied to the current slide
image Contains the current image presented
response The participant's response
correct The correctness of the response (1 = correct; 0 = otherwise)
latency The response latency (in ms); measured from onset of image

Parameters

The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.

NameDescriptionDefault
runPhaseA True (1): script runs Phase A (default)
false (0): script skips Phase A
runPhaseB True (1): script runs Phase B (default)
false (0): script skips Phase B
runPhaseC True (1): script runs Phase C (default)
false (0): script skips Phase C