Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS)
Test Variations
The screening form of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (8 items).
The short form of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (21 items).
The long form of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (42 items).
References
Search Google Scholar for peer-reviewed, published research using the Inquisit Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS).
Lovibond, S.H. & Lovibond, P.F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. (2nd. Ed.) Sydney: Psychology Foundation. ISBN 7334-1423-0.
Antony, M.M., Bieling, P.J., Cox, B.J., Enns, M.W. & Swinson, R.P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10, 176-181.
Crawford, J.R. & Henry, J.D. (2003). The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS): Normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, 111-131.
Szabó, M., & Lovibond, P.F. (2006). Anxiety, depression and tension/stress in children. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 28 3, 195-205.
Page, A.C. Hooke, G.R.; & Morrison, D.L. (2007). Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in depressed clinical samples. British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 46, 283-297.
Crawford, J.R., Cayley, C., Lovibond, P.F. Wilson, P.H., & Hartley, C. (2011). Percentile norms and accompanying interval estimates from an Australian general adult population sample for self-report mood scales (BAI, BDI, CRSD, CES-D, DASS, DASS-21, STAI-X, STAI-Y, SRDS, and SRAS). Australian Psychologist, 46, 3-14.
Szabó, M. (2011). The emotional experience associated with worrying: Anxiety, depression or stress? Anxiety, Stress, & Coping: An International Journal, 24, 91-105.
Ali, A. M., Alkhamees, A. A., Hori, H., Kim, Y., and Kunugi, H. (2021). The depression anxiety stress scale 21: development and validation of the depression anxiety stress scale 8-item in psychiatric patients and the general public for easier mental health measurement in a post-COVID-19 world. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18:10142. doi: 10.3390/ijerph181910142
Ali, A.M.; Hori, H.; Kim, Y.; Kunugi, H. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items expresses robust psychometric properties as an ideal shorter version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 among healthy respondents from three continents. Front Psychol 2022, 13, 799769, doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.799769.
Links
DASS web site at University of New South Wales. Materials, manual, translations, publications, FAQs, and general information about the DASS.