User Manual: Inquisit Attentional Network Task


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								ATTENTION NETWORK TEST (ANT) - Adult Version
								(German Version)
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Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC
Date:	02-21-2013
last updated:  10-18-2024 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC

Script Copyright © 10-18-2024 Millisecond Software

German translation by K. Borchert for Millisecond Software

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BACKGROUND INFO 	
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This script implements the Attention Network Test (ANT), a behavioral measure of alerting, orienting and 
executive attention. The implemented procedure is based on:

Fan, J., McCandliss, B. D., Sommer, T., Raz, A., & Posner, M. I. (2002). Testing the efficiency and independence 
of attentional networks. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 340–347.

The original ANT for adults and the child ANT as well as all stimuli used are generously shared by 
the original authors/Sackler Institute at:  http://www.sacklerinstitute.org/cornell/assays_and_tools/

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TASK DESCRIPTION	
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Participants are presented arrows either directly above or below a fixation cross. Arrows may be flanked by other 
stimuli  (3 flanker conditions). Participants have to decide whether the arrows point right or left. 
Several cue conditions (4)  (may) alert the participants that the targets are about to come on screen 
and potentially where on the screen (above or below the fixation cross).

Differences in mean reaction times in the different cue/flanker conditions are used to calculate
the following three Attentional Network Effects:
* Alert Effect: Effect of achieving and maintaining alertness
* Orienting Effect: Effect of orienting attention towards a specific location of information
* Conflict Effect: Effect of resolving conflict between several possible responses

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DURATION 
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the default set-up of the script takes appr. 20 minutes to complete

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DATA OUTPUT DICTIONARY
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The fields in the data files are:

(1) Raw data file: 'ant_raw*.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant)

build:								The specific Inquisit version used (the 'build') that was run
computer.platform:					the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android)
date, time: 						date and time script was run 
subject, group: 					with the current subject/groupnumber
session:							with the current session id

blockCode, blockNum:				the name and number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialCode, trialNum: 				the name and number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
										Note: trialNum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run; even those
										that do not store data to the data file such as feedback trials. Thus, trialNum 
										may not reflect the number of main trials run per block. 

blockCount:					counts the number of test blocks run (custom counter)
trialCount:					counts the number of trials run in each block (resets after practice) (custom counter)

cueCondition:				the current cue condition (NoCue; CenterCue; DoubleCue; SpatialCue)
flankerCondition:			the current flanker condition (1 = neutral; 2 = congruent; 3 = incongruent)
targetPosition:				position of target relative to fixation (2 = above fixation; 1 = below fixation)
targetDirection:			the direction of the target (0 = right; 1 = left)

picture.flanker1.currentItem/
picture.flanker4.currentItem: 		stores the images presented for targets and flankers

Variables that contain y coordinates (vertical coordinates) for cues, targets, flankers:
Note: coordinates are provided proportional to the canvas (Top = 0% - Bottom = 100%)
targetY:
flanker1Y:
cue1Y:

response:					the response of participant (scancode of response button: 18 = left E; 23 = right I; 57 = spacebar)
correct:					correctness of response (1 = correct, 0 = error)
latency:					response latency (in ms); measured from onset of target until response is made or trial times out


(2) Summary data file: 'ant_summary*.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant)

inquisit.version:			Inquisit version run
computer.platform:			the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android)
startDate:					date script was run
startTime:					time script was started
subjectId:					assigned subject id number
groupId:					assigned group id number
sessionId:					assigned session id number
elapsedTime:				time it took to run script (in ms); measured from onset to offset of script
completed:					0 = script was not completed (prematurely aborted); 
							1 = script was completed (all conditions run)
															

overallPropCorrect:			overall proportion correct across all testblock trials
meanRTCorrect:				overall mean RT (of correct responses) for test trials

Main Effects:
propCorrectNoCue: 			proportion correct responses in NoCue condition
meanRTNoCue: 				mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in NoCue condition
propCorrectCenterCue: 		proportion correct responses in CenterCue condition
meanRTCenterCue: 			mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in CenterCue condition
propCorrectDoubleCue: 		proportion correct responses in DoubleCue condition
meanRTDoubleCue: 			mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in DoubleCue condition
propCorrectSpatialCue: 		proportion correct responses in SpatialCue condition
meanRTSpatialCue: 			mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in SpatialCue condition

propCorrectCongruent: 		proportion correct responses in trials with target-congruent flankers (flankers that point in the same direction as target)
meanRTCongruent: 			mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in trials with target-congruent flankers (flankers that point in the same direction as target)
propCorrectIncongruent: 	proportion correct responses in trials with target-incongruent flankers (flankers that point in the opposite direction as target)
meanRTIncongruent: 			mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in trials with target-incongruent flankers (flankers that point in the opposite direction as target)
propCorrectNeutral: 		proportion correct responses in trials with target-incongruent without flankers
meanRTNeutral: 				mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in trials without flankers

interactions:
propCorrectCongruentNC: 		proportion correct responses in trials with target-congruent flankers in No Cue Condition
meanRTCorrectCongruentNC: 		mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in trials with target-congruent flankers in No Cue Condition
propCorrectIncongruentNC: 		proportion correct responses in trials with target-incongruent flankers in No Cue Condition
meanRTCorrectIncongruentNC: 	mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in trials with target-incongruent flankers in No Cue Condition
propCorrectNeutralNC: 			proportion correct responses in neutral trials in No Cue Condition
meanRTCorrectNeutralNC: 		mean response time (in ms) of correct responses in in neutral trials in No Cue Condition
(same for CC= center condition; DC = double cue condition; SC = spatial condition)


Expressions that use above expressions and calculate the 3 attentional network effects (Fan et al, 2002, p.342/343)
alertingEffect: meanRTCorrectNoCue - meanRTCorrectDoubleCue => Effect of achieving and maintaining alertness
orientingEffect: meanRTCorrectCenterCue - meanRTCorrectSpatialCue => Effect of orienting attention towards a specific location of information
conflictEffect: meanRTCorrectincongruent - meanRTCorrectcongruent => 
Effect of resolving conflict between several possible responses (executive function)

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EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP 
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4 cue conditions (no cue, center cue, double cue, spatial cue) x 3 flanker conditions (neutral, congruent, incongruent)
within-subjects design

A) 1 Block of 24 Practice trial sequences with full feedback, including summary feedback of speed and accuracy
B) 3 Blocks of 96 trial sequences each - no feedback
	EXPERIMENTAL BLOCKS:
	96 trial sequences: 2 (repetitions) x 4 (cue conditions) x 3 (flanker conditions) x 2 (target positions) x 2 (target directions)
		TRIAL SEQUENCE - randomly selected cue condition
		fixation (randomly chosen presentation time) -> cue (100ms) -> fixation (400ms) -> target (1700ms)-> intertrialinterval 
		(depends: complete trialduration = 4s)

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STIMULI
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Size of Stimuli:
Fan et al (2002) give specific dimensions of the size and distance of targets/flankers (p.345/346)
	=> distance participant/screen: 65 cm
	=> single line arrow : 0.55 degree visual angle
	=> distance flankers/target: 0.06 degree visual angle (area covered by all: 3.08 degree visual angle)
	=> distance target/fixation cross: 1.06 degree visual angle

This script does NOT attempt to replicate these dimensions as different monitors require different fontsizes etc.
Fine-tune fontsize of stimuli, distance of flanker to target, and position of target above and below 
fixation cross under section EDITABLE PARAMETERS

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INSTRUCTIONS 
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Note: Instructions are modelled after the instructions generously made available on:
http://www.sacklerinstitute.org/cornell/assays_and_tools/
Instructions can be edited under section EDITABLE INSTRUCTIONS

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EDITABLE CODE 
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check below for (relatively) easily editable parameters, stimuli, instructions etc. 
Keep in mind that you can use this script as a template and therefore always "mess" with the entire code 
to further customize your experiment.

The parameters you can change are:
Stimuli Dimension/Placement:
/fontSizeFixation:					regulates the size of the fixation cross, in canvas height percentage (default:  5%)
/cueSize:							regulates the size of the cues, in canvas height percentage (default: 5%)
/arrowSize:							regulates the size of the target/flanker, in canvas height percentage (default: 6%)
/flankerDistance:					the relative screen distance between stimuli, in canvas width percentage (default: 7%)
/topY:								the y-coordinate of the target above the fixation cross (default: 40%)
/bottomY:							the y-coordinate of the target below the fixation cross (default: 60%)

Trial Durations:
/readyDuration:						sets the duration (in ms) of the get-ready trial (default: 2000ms)
/completeTrialDuration:				sets the complete duration of one trial sequence (default: 4000ms)
/cueDuration:						sets the duration of the cue presentation (default: 100ms)
/fixation2Duration:					sets the duration of the fixation cross after cue presentation (default: 400ms)
/targetDuration:					sets the maximal duration of the target/flanker presentation (default: 1700ms)
/practiceFeedbackDuration:			sets the duration of the feedback trial during practice (default: 750ms)

Response Keys:
/responseKeyLeft:					left response key (default: "E")
/responseKeyRight:					right response key (default: "I")